BALON UDARA MODEREN

Modern air باللون

Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin known as the first

successfully flew a giant balloon called Dirigible on July 2

1900. It was the first dirigible in the world that can only survive in air for

17 minutes. Dirigible first small because it includes only 420 ft in length.

Various fixes and improvements continue to do so 10 years

then dirigible was able to survive for 24 hours in the air. Dirigible

become an attractive alternative to air transportation at that time. Count Zeppelin

instantly became a hero who is considered parallel to the legendary physicist

Galileo Galilei. Later dirigible better known by the name Zeppelin to

the services of the German people. Zeppelin as in Figure 2 starts

used as a means of transportation between continents is used commercially in

1928. In 1929 the Graf Zeppelin flew around the world

for 21 days. For years flying zeppelin succeed without one-time

had had an accident. The most famous Zeppelin Hindenburg

reaching 804 ft in length, nearly twice the length of the Zeppelin

first. Hindenburg became popular not because of its length but because of

tragedy that occurred in 1937. It was Hindenburg who was flying in

over Lakehurst, New Jersey, suddenly bursting into flames in the air. This incident

led to discontinuation of all uses of the zeppelin as a means of transportation

the air. Two years later the plane began to replace the function of the zeppelin

as a means of air transport used to carry passengers

commercially. That was the end of the zeppelin. Later zeppelin small size

only used to fly a variety of advertising banners / billboards. Sometimes the banners are also used to announce various

important events, such as the Olympics. Hindenburg tragedy has

drown the future of the zeppelin.

All the zeppelin that was once used as a means of commercial transportation

a giant balloon containing hydrogen gas. This is a cause

Hindenburg explosion.

 Hydrogen gas that meets air balloon is a highly flammable gas. This fact was already known by the

successor of Count Zeppelin. They are already aware that hydrogen gas

should be replaced with a more stable gas such as helium gas. But when it

helium gas is only found in Texas and Kansas, USA. America was still

hostile to Germany, especially with the military history of the zeppelin

had bombed London and Paris during World War I. This is what

make Americans reluctant to provide helium reserves in Germany.

Why is helium gas is considered the most appropriate substitute hydrogen gas

it flammable?

Hydrogen gas is the lightest gas because of the number of protons,

neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom of hydrogen is very little if

compared with the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up the other atomatom. Air is composed of various gases, but gas is most

numerous in the air is nitrogen gas. The content of nitrogen gas in

air reaches 80%. The number of protons and electrons that make up the nitrogen atom

far more than the hydrogen atoms so that the relative atomic mass of nitrogen four

twelve times greater than the relative atomic mass of hydrogen. Gas is definitely lighter

immediately rises to the top. This is tantamount to cigarette smoke are constantly on the move

naturally upward because the molecules in cigarette smoke more heavily than

molecules of the gases in the air. That's why cigarette smoke is not

never fell down unless it is blown. Hydrogen gas is very easy to 'fly'

in the air because the light mass of the atoms. Hydrogen gas-filled balloon

can fly while carrying heavy loads. But hydrogen gas is also very

flammable. Helium gas is the second lightest gas that is only more

weight of hydrogen (relative atomic mass of helium four times larger than the mass

The relative atomic hydrogen). Although the helium gas is heavier than hydrogen gas, other gasgas still heavier than helium gas again helium thus still be

'Flying' in the air, carrying the load as well. In addition, helium including

the class of noble gases, ie gases of the most stable and not easily react.

This means non-flammable helium gas such as hydrogen gas. This is what

helium balloons to make the best choice as a replacement for hydrogen balloons.Helium balloon with a diameter of 24 ft (Figure 1) can fly with a load

whose mass reaches 455 LBM. The larger the volume (diameter) balloon,

the larger the load that can be raised. Helium balloon that has a

diameter of 100 ft capable of lifting weights with a mass reach 33,000 LBM.

Hindenburg tragedy indeed scary, but it was a dream for

build a flying machine that is lighter than air remains alive until

at this time. Dirigible large size began to be re-created since the beginning of the 20th century.

Projects lighter-than-air trying to restore the times of glory

before the explosion of the zeppelin Hindenburg. This time with a design technique that

more sophisticated and more secure so that the fearful tragedy was not repeated again. Helium gas which is now no longer monopolized by Americans now

used to fill this giant balloon. More than 19 million ft

3

 helium gas will

meet these future air balloon. The skin that wraps this helium gas

of course different from the materials typically used to make balloons

ordinary helium. Leather wrap is made of special material that is composed of

many layers of film materials similar to rubber. Material thickness of 1 / 16 inch

very Meeting (to be airtight) helium gas so that it can not be infiltrated

out through the sidelines of the material during the flight. This latest Zeppelin

is the largest zeppelin with a length reaching 853 ft (260 meters) and

The maximum diameter of 213 ft (65 meters). Form of a giant balloon is almost the same

with Hindenburg who has a nose (nose cone) is more pointed to

more streamlined so it can wade through the air more smoothly. Dirigible

This latest 16 will be driven by a turbine engine that is capable of flying at

speed of 90 miles per hour. Dirigible is also equipped with a tail longer

serves to maintain and enhance its stability in air

agility of movement so that it can spin easily.

Dirigible This cargo carrier will be used as a tool (Figure 3) or Cargo

Lifter Airship. That's why this dirigible made in very large sizes.

However, the new generation dirigible is not intended to

replaces the function of cargo planes that already exist today. Cargo Lifter

Airship will be used as a complement to freight trains and ships

goods to transport cargo to areas difficult to reach. By using an agile Airship Cargo Lifter and the large capacity of this (can

load weight up to 160 tons) of these areas can be reached by

more easily.

Possible use of dirigible as a means of commercial transportation

which is equivalent to ordinary aircraft was still wide open. According to

survey, there are still many people who are very keen to fly the zeppelin.

This means the triumph of the zeppelin can still continue in the future. (John

Surya).